Research on Behaviour of Children with Stay at Home Mothers and Working Mothers

Aim: To study the emotional behaviour of children with stay at home mothers for the first five years and working mothers. Hypothesis: To show that children with stay at home mothers for the first five years of their lives are more emotionally balanced than children with working mums.Literature review: What is a Mother? The dictionary describes a mother who has born a child of the origin orsource of something like a mother plant. Mother means selfess devotion, limitless sacrifices, and love that passes understanding. She is someone who loves unconditionally and places the needs of her children above her own, on a personal level, not only in words but also in actions. â€Å"A woman who has compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience is a mother. She can fogive as the Lord forgave us and above all these virtues is the love that binds them together† (Romans:13:14)STAY AT HOME MUM: YOU CAN'T PUT A PRIECE ON MOTHERHOOD. There is a dilemma that comes with having children, and it plagues many new mother â€Å"Should I be a stay at home mum?† Even the most ambitious women sucumb to the nesting instinct of the maternal nature. It is a personal and specific decision that has its perks as well as its pitfalls. Advancements in women's rights in the workplace have encouraged women to acquire higher paying jobs. However, recent research suggests that more women are choosing to stay at home. It is not because of a lack of education or opportunity; they simply don't want to have someone else raise their children.A study by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) in 1999 found that the more hours a child spent at a non-maternal care before age 5, the less positive the childs interactions with his/her mother will be. Two studies published in 2003 conducted by the NICHD found that children in day care had higher levels of stress and were more aggressive than those cared for at home by the mother. There are millions of children , however, who have working mothers and who grow up to be responsible, sucessful adults.Benefits for children raised by stay-at-home mothers. STABILITY: This is the main benefir for your children. Knowing that you are there gives your child stability. You are able to answer your child  questions, dry tears, and offer support. In addition, you will never get those year back. They experience fewer emotional and behavioural problems in childhood: want to help ensure your children turn out to be happy and socially well adjusted? Bond with them when they are infants.Thats the message from the university of Lowa, USA, which found that infants who have a close intimate relationship with their mothers are less likely to be troubled, aggressive or experience other emotional and behavioural problems when they reach school age. Bonding with your child has proven to help in a childs mental and emotional development.Consistency: Your children can rely on you. They can trust the consistency on the way you run your household. Being consistent with mealitimes, Chores, baths, and bedtimes teaches children organization and discipline. They need this consistency to give them structure and routine in their lives. Quality time: All kids need quality time with their mothers. Quality time gives them the assurance of being loved all the time. Quality time also keeps your child out of trouble, which often stems from boredom. the memories they will have of you depend on this quality time

Importance of the English Language in Present Day World Essay

Language is the source of communication. Its the way through which we share our ideas and thoughts with others. There are uncountable languages in this world. Because every country has their own national language, then they have different local languages spoken and understood by their people in different regions. Let’s talk about English. It is the language of England and has International Standard. Many people think English as American Language but it is not true. In fact, when Columbus discovered America, he saw the country in the Stone Age with high illiteracy rate. Those were the European and English people who brought education and knowledge even technology towards America. There are several factors that make us to learn English Language to go through in the current time. First of all, as I already mention, it has International Standard, that’s why everyone needs to learn English in order to get in touch on International Level. If we see Educational field, we will find much of the syllabus is written in English. Children are taught and encouraged to learn English on starting levels. And accordingly, as they promote to the next levels they study almost all the subjects in English. We see the Internet and find more than 90% of websites written and created in English. And even when you see some sites in other languages, they also give you the option to translate in English. All the research and studies you find will be written and typed in English. All the information regarding each and everything contains English Language. There is another factor that make English very important in this world is it is the easiest language of the world to learn. Many people think that it is very difficult and confusing. But I suggest them to start and learn only for a week and they will feel easy with English. With good understanding and communication in English, we can travel around the globe. We get assistance and help in English in every part of world. You can test it by on line travel. Better you visit some offices, companies, governmental organizations, and other departments, and you will see the importance of English as they hire the professional staff after getting know that whether the people they are hiring are good at English or not. This is the company’s will that their staff is not even well educated but also good English speaker, writer and Reader. Those who are still unaware about the importance of English. They should start learning English as a time will come when everything would be understood, spoken and written in English. Better watch some media and get the scope of English.

Language Barriers

Language barriers can impede the educational progress of minorities. The United States is facing the challenge of language barriers in the way of educational progress of minorities. There are approximately 3.5 million children who are not proficient in English language due to their different native language. The United States has received maximum number of new arrivals in 1960s. these arrivals included refugees, illegal and legal immigrants and migrants. As a result, number of enrolled students increased significantly and a large number of new comers were admitted in the public schools of the United States. These newly enrolled students were from different nations so they were proficient in their native languages but their proficiency level regarding English language was very low or none. There were not/hardly able to speak English. To overcome this challenge, several educational policies, and legislation and court decisions were made (Berman et al, 1992). The Bilingual Education Act of 1968, Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Act was the first step that was taken to overcome the challenge of language barrier. The purpose of this Act was to make sure that all the Mexican American children learn to speak English to an extent that can enable them to actively participate in their educational activities. The role of this Act was later expanded to overcome the language barrier of all non-English speaking children. It is shown in Chavez, (1991, p. 11-12): â€Å"It is not the purpose of the bill to create pockets of different languages through the country †¦ but just to try to make those children fully literate in English†. Several steps were taken to overcome the language barrier. The purpose of all the steps was to enable all non-English speaking children to speak English fluently. An example of such as decision was made in Lau v. Nichols (1974) when the United States Supreme Court declared that every non-English speaking child has got the right to get special assistance in learning English. It stated: There is no equality of treatment merely by providing students with the same facilities, textbooks, teachers, and curriculum; for students who do not understand English are effectively foreclosed from any meaningful education. †¦ Teaching English to the students of Chinese ancestry who do not speak the language is one choice. Giving instruction to the group in Chinese is another. There may be others. (Chavez, 1991, pp. 14-15) A large number of Limited English Proficient students are enrolling in the 10th grade test. It was also found that the number of Hispanic high school graduates was very less all over the country. This was due to large number of students who were dropped out of the school. Although there have been several efforts to improve the English language of non-English speaking students specially Hispanic students but it is found that despite all these efforts, the drop out rate of Hispanic students has not decreased to a significant extent (Hispanic Dropout Project, 1998). Conclusion English language learners are usually exempted from appearing in the assessments that are done for native English speakers. It is quite unfair because non-English speaking students are left behind. It is suggested that non-English speakers should also be allowed to appear in the same assessment programs that are done for English speakers. This will help the non-English speakers to get out of the feeling of left out and they will progress a breast with native English speakers. References Berman, P., Chambers, J., Gandara, P., McLaughlin, B., Minicucci, C., Nelson, D., Olsen, L, & Parrish, T. (1992). Meeting the challenge of language diversity: An evaluation of programs for pupils with limited proficiency in English. Berkeley, CA: BW Associates. Chavez, L. (1991). Out of the barrio: Towards a new politics of Hispanic assimilation. New York: Basic. Hispanic Dropout Project. (1998). No more excuses: The final report of the Hispanic dropout project. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. Lau v. Nichols, 414 U.S. 563 (1974).                        

Managing Virtual Teams

Managing Virtual Teams 1. Introduction Virtual teams have emerged to mitigate the challenges of managing teams that are distributed across different regions, and are a sustainable component of global business. A project manager managing a virtual team would have to integrate communication strategies, project management techniques including human and social processes in order to support the team, (Kimball, 1997). The author is a project manager assigned to lead a virtual team of 300 volunteers located across the globe to develop recommendations for regulating carbon emissions in the world.As indicated Kimball (1997), this kind of a virtual team usually supports people working in the same professional field and most of the time focuses on learning. 2. The best way to structure this large virtual team The project would be divided into tasks and responsibilities. The team would be divided into sub-teams basing/depending on the regions where the individuals come from, and let these sub-te ams work in isolation to deliver their completed task of the project within the stipulated time frame.It is very important that the tasks and responsibilities are evenly distributed between the sub-teams to create the feeling of fairness among team members, (Edwards & Wilson, 2004). Sub-team leaders can hold a face-to-face meeting in the same location with the author at the start and at the end of the project. 3. Important issues that the author foresee in managing this team a) Different time for interaction Communication across time zones as indicated in OB Week2 Lecture Notes (2013) would be a worrying issue because there might be a difference of 10-12 hours between working days of regions where team members are based.In situations where the author request for urgent response on a particular issue, the information may be sent to the location at a non working time hence causing delay. To solve this problem, the author would adopt a ‘24-hour working’ as outlined in Defe ncom case study, (Edwards & Wilson, 2004) so that individual sub-teams can work on the recommendations during their working day. This would minimize the crossing of time zones and the process can increase team effectiveness.The author, as a project manager can establish a common time to interact face-to-face through video conferencing. b) Different cultural and language issues Working with 300 individuals from across the globe requires a project manager to be aware of different cultural and language issues. These individuals would have different ways of working, thinking and also reporting differently. Integrating the work that has been submitted would be a challenge as there will be no time to develop a common language.In order to solve this issue the team needs to develop an open culture so that everyone can openly share information and not tolerate a blame game. c) Learning the new technology It will be a problem if team members do not understand the virtual working process, whic h can hinder communication therefore affecting team relationships. Team members must be oriented to the virtual working process before the project commence so that they have enough time to ask.The author should develop a support mechanism for the team to use when experiencing difficulties. 4. Motivating individuals to archive the project goal These volunteers can be motivated by highlighting to them that, this is an opportunity for them to sharpen their skills and knowledge through experience of this new working strategy where they will meet different people with different experiences. The author would create a platform for social interaction to speed-up teamwork and create access rights for each of hem to be aware what others are doing. The author would make time to interact with all team members during the project and make sure that they have clear understanding of goals and objectives, also finding out if they are happy. 5. References Edwards, A. & Wilson, J. R. (2004) Implementi ng virtual teams: a guide to organizational and human factors, University of Liverpool Online Library [Online]. Available from: http://site. ebrary. com. ezproxy. liv. ac. uk/lib/liverpool/docDetail. action? ocID=10048150 (Accessed: 14th February 2013). Kimball, L. (1997) Managing Virtual Teams: text of speech given by Lisa Kimball for Team Strategies Conference sponsored by Federated Press, Toronto, Canada [Online]. Available from: http://www. groupjazz. com (Accessed: 15th February 2013). University of Liverpool/Laureate Online Education (2013) Lecture notes from Organizational Behavior and People Management week 1 [online]. Available from: University of Liverpool/Laureate Online Education (Accessed: 07 February 2013)

Can The Mediterranean Diet Reduce Heart Disease Research Paper

Can The Mediterranean Diet Reduce Heart Disease - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that among the different types of diets that have become popular to help people lose weight, the Mediterranean diet is one that has been able to maintain its fame when it was first introduced until at present. Nonetheless, this type of diet has been studied by medical researchers and its association with some very common diseases in the society. Consisting of highly available products in the market, the Mediterranean diet is one that is rich in fish, nuts, vegetables, and fruits. Additionally, the consumption of olive oil, non-refined bread, and cereals, as well as a low intake of dairy products, fresh and processed meats, sweets, and wine are included. Although it may seem just as any food being consumed by everyone, the key components of Mediterranean diets is basically a healthy eating habit consisting at least two of these attributes inconsistency – a high ratio of monounsaturated to saturated fat, low to moderate red wine consum ption, high legume consumption, significant grain and cereal consumption, significant consumption of fruits and vegetables, high fish consumption along with low consumption of meats and meat products, and moderate consumption of milk and dairy products. The most recent study conducted regarding this diet was its role in reducing the risk of obtaining heart disease. In 2003, the PREDIMED or Prevencià ³n Con Dieta Mediterrà ¡nea study was first conducted in Spain over a seven-year period, which aims to prevent cases of cardiovascular diseases.

Cadbury (Pre and Post Merger Performance Evaluation) Coursework

Cadbury (Pre and Post Merger Performance Evaluation) - Coursework Example Prior to the acquisition, the Cadbury operations and activities were narrowly streamlined along a consistent pattern. They were limited to the main stream markets, with no major expansion in the new and unexplored markets, with focus on core strategy, and little element of innovation on display, although this all served well and Cadbury still enjoyed success, fame and glory in the market, yet there is no limit to success and glory, and more can be added any time. This was to be added in form of the Kraft’s overtake, that adopted a change in management style, the business patterns, the partnerships and expansion policy and much more that in other words gave a totally new life to Cadbury in different angles.Being one of the most notable English companies, it was very unlikely to be taken over by any foreign company; however the fears turned true in 2010 when an American based company â€Å"Kraft† took over and introduced relatively new patterns and management styles. The takeover was received in a mixed way but mostly with a relatively negative trend in social sphere. As a result of the recent change, management style, and the patterns and rules of engagement have seen a slight change with regard to the previous patterns that were operational in past. ... Recent change of Command: Being one of the most notable English companies, it was very unlikely to be taken over by any foreign company; however the fears turned true in 2010 when an American based company â€Å"Kraft† took over (Cadbury, 2010) and introduced relatively new patterns and management styles. The takeover was received in a mixed way but mostly with a relatively negative trend in social sphere. As a result of the recent change, management style, and the patterns and rules of engagement have seen a slight change with regard to the previous patterns that were operational in past. Managing style: An international organization such as Cadbury needs a clearly defined management style and organizational activities to allow successful operational functions. Realizing its importance, Cadbury has a democratic and hierarchical management style. Each of the member enjoys complete freedom and opportunity in contributing towards the organization and making it the world’s top most chocolate selling and producing industry and organization. Hierarchy in ranks: Hierarchy is an evident form of management and leadership in most major organizations in present day. The hierarchy broadly divides the organizations in to three layers, namely top management, middle management and lower staff. Hierarchy at Cadbury is also distributed in the same manner, with top management performing the role of decision making, policy envisaging and declaration of the S.O.Ps and dealings with the international organizations and stake holders, the middle management in the industry is inducted to ensure that the top and lower management are kept intact. Post merger-acquisition scenario: Kraft engages into professional, selective and specialized processes that make them world famous and

Basics of Existentialism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Basics of Existentialism - Essay Example The way man lives his life is according to his desires. There are some people who live their lives â€Å"as morally and as rationally as possible.† Their intention for doing this is to be a light, an example, to their fellow men. They want others to know that it is possible to live life following what is moral, and rational. These people, however, have one time or another â€Å"been false to themselves.† Even when man gets all else he wants and desires, he will want to prove himself. The choices he will make will be far from rational in this effort. When life is lived manifesting the will of a man, it becomes worthless. Man has desires which present him with the chance to make a choice. The option that man makes is made, according to what he stands to gain from it. But, the advantage only seems, it is not real. The way we live our lives is what makes it a sorry business. When man makes a choice, it is made in order to obtain a supposed advantage. But this advantage that seems to be real is, in fact, nonsense. More so, the choice is made in foolishness. Therefore, looking at the whole business of making choices, it is driven by things that are not what they seem to be. When the options possible for explaining a certain situation are worked out on paper, the desires that drove us to them in the first place no longer exist. We make these choices nonetheless. The desires we have, give essence of our living. â€Å"Extractions of square-roots,† is a means of Dostoevsky saying that life is not a series of mathematical deductions.